हबल को बृहस्पति पर जल वाष्प के मिले प्रमाण
जूसी को 2022 में लॉन्च करने और 2029 में बृहस्पति से आगमन की योजना
वाशिंगटन । अस्ट्रोनॉमर ने पहली बार नासा के हबल स्पेस टेलीस्कोप का उपयोग करते हुए बृहस्पति के चंद्रमा गैनीमेड के वातावरण में जल वाष्प के प्रमाण का खुलासा किया है। यह जल वाष्प तब बनता है, जब चंद्रमा की सतह से बर्फ ऊपर उठती है, यानी ठोस से गैस में बदल जाती है। निष्कर्ष नेचर एस्ट्रोनॉमी जर्नल में प्रकाशित हुए हैं।
पिछले शोध ने परिस्थितिजन्य साक्ष्य पेश किए हैं कि सौर मंडल के सबसे बड़े चंद्रमा गैनीमेड में पृथ्वी के सभी महासागरों की तुलना में अधिक पानी है।
हालांकि, वहां का तापमान इतना ठंडा होता है कि सतह पर पानी जम जाता है। गेनीमेड का महासागर क्रस्ट से लगभग 100 मील नीचे रहेगा; इसलिए, जल वाष्प इस महासागर के वाष्पीकरण का प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करेगा। जल वाष्प के इस प्रमाण को खोजने के लिए, अस्ट्रोनॉमर्स ने पिछले दो दशकों से हबल टिप्पणियों की फिर से जांच की है।
उन्होंने पाया कि गैनीमेड के वातावरण में शायद ही कोई परमाणु ऑक्सीजन था।
गेनीमेड की सतह का तापमान पूरे दिन में बहुत बदलता रहता है और भूमध्य रेखा के पास दोपहर के आसपास यह पर्याप्त रूप से गर्म हो सकता है क्योंकि बर्फ की सतह पानी के अणुओं की कुछ छोटी मात्रा को छोड़ती है ।
रोथ ने कहा,यह तब उत्पन्न होता है जब आवेशित कण बर्फ की सतह को नष्ट कर देते हैं। जिस जल वाष्प को हमने अब मापा है, वह गर्म बफीर्ले क्षेत्रों से जल वाष्प के थर्मल पलायन के कारण बर्फ के बड़े बनाने की क्रिया से उत्पन्न होता है।
यह खोज यूरोपीय अंतरिक्ष एजेंसी के आगामी मिशन, जूसी के लिए प्रत्याशा को जोड़ती है, जो कि जुपिटर आईसी मून एक्सप्लोरर के लिए है। जूसी को 2022 में लॉन्च करने और 2029 में बृहस्पति के आगमन की योजना बनाई गई है। यह कम से कम तीन साल में बृहस्पति और उसके तीन सबसे बड़े चंद्रमाओं का विस्तृत अवलोकन करेगा, जिसमें गैनीमेड पर एक ग्रह शरीर और संभावित आवास के रूप में विशेष जोर दिया जाएगा।
वर्तमान में, नासा का जूनो मिशन गैनीमेड पर करीब से नजर रख रहा है और हाल ही में बफीर्ले चंद्रमा की नई इमेजरी जारी की गई है। जूनो 2016 से बृहस्पति और उसके पर्यावरण का अध्ययन कर रहा है, जिसे जोवियन प्रणाली के रूप में भी जाना जाता है।
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